Dkk-4 Polyclonal Antibody(Capture/Detector) (AN004680P)

For research use only.
Verified Samples |
Verified Samples in ELISA: Recombinant Human Dkk-4 protein, Human serum, Human plasma Verified Samples in WB: Rat serum |
Dilution | ELISA Capture 2-8 μg/mL, ELISA Detector 0.1-0.4 μg/mL, WB 1:1000-1:2000 |
Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
Host | Rabbit |
Reactivity | Human, Rat |
Applications | ELISA Capture/Detector, WB |
Clonality | Polyclonal |
Immunogen | Recombinant Human Dkk-4 Protein expressed by E.coli |
Abbre | Dkk-4 |
Synonyms | Dkk, DKK4, Dickkopf-4, hDkk-4 |
Swissprot | |
Calculated MW | 25 kDa |
Observed MW |
25 kDa
Western blotting is a method for detecting a certain protein in a complex sample based on the specific binding of antigen and antibody. Different proteins can be divided into bands based on different mobility rates. The mobility is affected by many factors, which may cause the observed band size to be inconsistent with the expected size. The common factors include: 1. Post-translational modifications: For example, modifications such as glycosylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and acetylation will increase the molecular weight of the protein. 2. Splicing variants: Different expression patterns of various mRNA splicing bodies may produce proteins of different sizes. 3. Post-translational cleavage: Many proteins are first synthesized into precursor proteins and then cleaved to form active forms, such as COL1A1. 4. Relative charge: the composition of amino acids (the proportion of charged amino acids and uncharged amino acids). 5. Formation of multimers: For example, in protein dimer, strong interactions between proteins can cause the bands to be larger. However, the use of reducing conditions can usually avoid the formation of multimers. If a protein in a sample has different modified forms at the same time, multiple bands may be detected on the membrane. |
Concentration | 1 mg/mL |
Buffer | Phosphate buffered solution, pH 7.2, containing 0.05% proclin 300. |
Purification Method | Antigen Affinity Purification |
Research Areas | Stem Cells |
Conjugation | Unconjugated |
Storage | Store at 4°C valid for 12 months or -20°C valid for long term storage, avoid freeze / thaw cycles. |
Shipping | The product is shipped with ice pack, upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended. |
background | Dickkopf related protein 4 (Dkk-4) is a member of the Dkk protein family that includes Dkk-1, -2, -3, and -4. All four members are secreted proteins that are synthesized as precursor proteins with an N‑terminal signal peptide and 2 conserved cysteine‑rich domains, which are separated by a linker region. Dkk proteins have potential furin type proteolytic cleavage sites, and short forms of Dkk-2 and Dkk-4 containing only the second cysteine‑rich domain can be generated by proteolytic processing. Dkk proteins have distinct patterns of expression in adult and embryonic tissues, suggesting that they may play diverse roles in these tissues. The Dkk proteins have distinct effects on Wnt signaling. Dkk-1 and Dkk-4 are Wnt antagonists. Dkk-3 has not been demonstrated to affect Wnt signaling, and Dkk-2 acts as an agonist or antagonist, depending on the cellular context. Wnt signaling regulates many important developmental processes including neural crest differentiation, brain development, kidney morphogenesis, and sex determination. In addition, Wnt signaling has also been implicated in tumor formation. Canonical Wnt signaling via the beta -catenin pathway is transduced by a receptor complex composed of the Frizzled proteins (Fz) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related proteins (LRP5/6). Unlike many soluble Wnt antagonists that function by binding extracellular Wnt ligands to prevent interaction of Wnt with the Fz-LRP5/6 receptor complex, Dkk-1 and Dkk-4 antagonize Wnt/ beta -catenin signaling by direct high-affinity binding to the Wnt coreceptor LRP5/6 and inhibiting interaction of LRP5/6 with the Wnt-Frizzled complex. Dkk-1 and Dkk-4 also bind the transmembrane proteins Kremen1 (Krm1) and Krm2 with high-affinity. Krm2 has been shown to form a ternary complex with Dkk-1 or -4 and LRP5/6 to trigger internalization of the complex and removal of LRP6 from the cell surface. Thus, Dkk-1/4 and Kremens function synergistically to antagonize LRP5/6-mediated Wnt activity. Dkk-2 also binds to LRP5/6 and the Kremens, but Dkk-2 acts as an antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway only in the presence of Krm2. Dkk-2 binding to LRP5/6 in the absence of Krm2 activates rather than inhibits Wnt signalling. |
Other Clones
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Unconjugated
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