Background
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A, also known as PPIase A, Rotamase A, Cyclophilin A, Cyclosporin A-binding protein, PPIA and CYPA, is a cytoplasm protein which belongs to thecyclophilin-type PPIase family and PPIase A subfamily. Cyclophilins (CyPs) are a family of proteins found in organisms ranging from prokaryotes to humans. These molecules exhibit peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity, suggesting that they influence the conformation of proteins in cells. PPIA / Cyclophilin A accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. PPIA / Cyclophilin A is secreted by vascular smooth muscle cells in response to inflammatory stimuli, and could thus contribute to atherosclerosis. It is not essential for mammalian cell viability. PPIA / Cyclophilin A can interact with several HIV proteins, including p55 gag, Vpr, and capsid protein, and has been shown to be necessary for the formation of infectious HIV virions.
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