Recombinant Phospho-Akt (pan) (Ser473) Monoclonal Antibody (AN300915L)
For research use only.
| Verified Samples | Verified Samples in WB: HepG2 |
| Dilution | WB 1:1000-1:5000 |
| Isotype | IgG,κ |
| Host | Rabbit |
| Reactivity | Human, Mouse, Rat |
| Applications | WB |
| Clonality | Monoclonal;Recombinant |
| Immunogen | A synthetic peptide corresponding to residues around (Ser473) of Human Phospho-Akt (pan) |
| Abbre | Akt |
| Synonyms | CWS, MGC, AKT serine/threonine kinase, AKT, CWS6, PKB, PKB-ALPHA, PRKBA, RAC, RAC-ALPHA, AKT1, AKT 1, AKT serine/threonine kinase 1, AKT1_HUMAN, MGC99656, Protein kinase B, Protein Kinase B Alpha, Proto-oncogene c-Akt, RAC Alpha, RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase, RAC-PK-alpha, AKT, AKT serine/threonine kinase 1, CWS6, PKB, PKB-ALPHA, PRKBA, RAC, RAC-ALPHA, Akt1/2/3 |
| Swissprot | |
| Calculated MW | 55 kDa |
| Observed MW |
60 kDa
The actual band is not consistent with the expectation.
Western blotting is a method for detecting a certain protein in a complex sample based on the specific binding of antigen and antibody. Different proteins can be divided into bands based on different mobility rates. The mobility is affected by many factors, which may cause the observed band size to be inconsistent with the expected size. The common factors include: 1. Post-translational modifications: For example, modifications such as glycosylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and acetylation will increase the molecular weight of the protein. 2. Splicing variants: Different expression patterns of various mRNA splicing bodies may produce proteins of different sizes. 3. Post-translational cleavage: Many proteins are first synthesized into precursor proteins and then cleaved to form active forms, such as COL1A1. 4. Relative charge: the composition of amino acids (the proportion of charged amino acids and uncharged amino acids). 5. Formation of multimers: For example, in protein dimer, strong interactions between proteins can cause the bands to be larger. However, the use of reducing conditions can usually avoid the formation of multimers. If a protein in a sample has different modified forms at the same time, multiple bands may be detected on the membrane. |
| Cellular Localization | Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Cell membrane, Nucleus after activation by integrin-linked protein kinase 1 (ILK1). Nuclear translocation is enhanced by interaction with TCL1A. Phosphorylation on Tyr-176 by TNK2 results in its localization to the cell membrane where it is targeted for further phosphorylations on Thr-308 and Ser-473 leading to its activation and the activated form translocates to the nucleus. Colocalizes with WDFY2 in intracellular vesicles (PubMed:16792529). |
| Concentration | 0.2 mg/mL |
| Buffer | PBS, 50% glycerol, 0.05% Proclin 300, 0.05% protein protectant. |
| Purification Method | Protein A |
| Research Areas | Signal Transduction, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling, Cancer, Metabolism, Neuroscience |
| Clone No. | 9C7 |
| Conjugation | Unconjugated |
| Storage | Store at -20°C Valid for 12 months. Avoid freeze / thaw cycles. |
| Shipping | Ice bag |
| background | AKT1 gene encodes one of the three members of the human AKT serine-threonine protein kinase family which are often referred to as protein kinase B alpha, beta, and gamma. These highly similar AKT proteins all have an N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain, a serine/threonine-specific kinase domain and a C-terminal regulatory domain. These proteins are phosphorylated by phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). AKT/PI3K forms a key component of many signalling pathways that involve the binding of membrane-bound ligands such as receptor tyrosine kinases, G-protein coupled receptors, and integrin-linked kinase. These AKT proteins therefore regulate a wide variety of cellular functions including cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, and angiogenesis in both normal and malignant cells. AKT proteins are recruited to the cell membrane by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) after phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by PI3K. Subsequent phosphorylation of both threonine residue 308 and serine residue 473 is required for full activation of the AKT1 protein encoded by this gene. Phosphorylation of additional residues also occurs, for example, in response to insulin growth factor-1 and epidermal growth factor. Protein phosphatases act as negative regulators of AKT proteins by dephosphorylating AKT or PIP3. The PI3K/AKT signalling pathway is crucial for tumor cell survival. Survival factors can suppress apoptosis in a transcription-independent manner by activating AKT1 which then phosphorylates and inactivates components of the apoptotic machinery. AKT proteins also participate in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway which controls the assembly of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F (eIF4E) complex and this pathway, in addition to responding to extracellular signals from growth factors and cytokines, is disregulated in many cancers. Mutations in this gene are associated with multiple types of cancer and excessive tissue growth including Proteus syndrome and Cowden syndrome 6, and breast, colorectal, and ovarian cancers. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. AKT2 gene is a putative oncogene encoding a protein belonging to a subfamily of serine/threonine kinases containing SH2-like (Src homology 2-like) domains, which is involved in signaling pathways. The gene serves as an oncogene in the tumorigenesis of cancer cells For example, its overexpression contributes to the malignant phenotype of a subset of human ductal pancreatic cancers. The encoded protein is a general protein kinase capable of phophorylating several known proteins, and has also been implicated in insulin signaling. The protein encoded by AKT3 is a member of the AKT, also called PKB, serine/threonine protein kinase family. AKT kinases are known to be regulators of cell signaling in response to insulin and growth factors. They are involved in a wide variety of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, as well as glycogen synthesis and glucose uptake. This kinase has been shown to be stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). Alternatively splice transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. |
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