Human IgG(Immunoglobulin G) ELISA Kit (E-EL-H0169)

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Human IgG. Standards or samples are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody. Then a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Human IgG and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Human IgG, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Human IgG. You can calculate the concentration of Human IgG in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most abundant immunoglobulin in human serum and the principal mediator of humoral immunity. Each molecule consists of two heavy chains and two light chains, with the heavy-chain constant region defining the class and each antigen-binding site formed by the variable domains of one heavy and one light chain, giving two binding sites per molecule. Four subclasses exist, differing in effector functions such as complement activation and Fc receptor binding. During immune recognition, membrane-bound immunoglobulin serves as the B-cell antigen receptor, and antigen binding triggers clonal expansion and differentiation into plasma cells. Secreted IgG clears antigen by neutralization, opsonization and complement activation. Diversity and affinity maturation arise from V-(D)-J rearrangement and somatic hypermutation of the variable regions, generating high-affinity, long-lived protective antibodies that underpin immunological memory and vaccination. Because IgG constitutes the bulk of serum antibodies and confers long-term protection, its measurement is fundamental to assessing humoral immunity. This ELISA kit enables quantitative determination of total IgG in serum, supporting investigation of primary and secondary immunodeficiency, chronic infection and monoclonal gammopathy, while subclass analysis aids evaluation of vaccine responses in clinical immunology and immune-competence monitoring.