Mouse TNF-α(Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) ELISA Kit (E-EL-M3063)

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Mouse TNF-α. Standards or samples are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody. Then a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Mouse TNF-α and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Mouse TNF-α, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Mouse TNF-α. You can calculate the concentration of Mouse TNF-α in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is the prototypic member of the tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily and a central mediator of immunity, inflammation and metabolic homeostasis. It is synthesized as a 26-kDa type II transmembrane precursor that assembles into homotrimers and is produced mainly by macrophages, T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. The membrane-anchored form signals to neighboring cells by direct contact, whereas proteolytic cleavage of its ectodomain releases a soluble trimer that acts systemically. Binding of TNF-alpha to TNFR1 and TNFR2 activates nuclear factor-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, activating macrophages and neutrophils, inducing release of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 and modulating lymphocyte responses. The cytokine can trigger caspase-dependent apoptosis yet simultaneously promotes survival through NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression. It also suppresses lipoprotein lipase, contributing to cachexia, and interferes with insulin signaling to promote insulin resistance. Dysregulated TNF-alpha production is implicated in rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, asthma, obesity, type 2 diabetes, sepsis and tumor progression, and circulating levels serve as a widely used biomarker of inflammatory activity. This ELISA kit enables quantitative determination of mouse TNF-alpha in serum, plasma, cell culture supernatants and other biological fluids, supporting inflammation, metabolic and oncology research.