Human UCP-1(Uncoupling Protein 1, Mitochondrial) ELISA Kit (E-EL-H1661)

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Human UCP-1. Standards or samples are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody. Then a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Human UCP-1 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Human UCP-1, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Human UCP-1. You can calculate the concentration of Human UCP-1 in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1), also named hepassocin, is a secreted glycoprotein of the fibrinogen superfamily whose C-terminal region contains a conserved fibrinogen-like domain but lacks the sites required for fibrin clot formation. It is synthesized and secreted predominantly by hepatocytes as a disulfide-linked homodimer, and its production is regulated by hepatocellular stimuli, nutritional state and the regenerative status of the liver. FGL1 acts as a hepatocyte mitogen: its expression rises during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy and is induced by interleukin-6 through STAT3 signaling. More recently FGL1 has been identified as a major ligand of the immune checkpoint receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), which it engages independently of MHC class II to inhibit T-cell activation, proliferation and cytokine production, thereby linking hepatic regeneration with the regulation of anti-tumor immunity. Elevated plasma FGL1 in cancer patients correlates with poor prognosis and resistance to anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 therapy, and blockade of the FGL1-LAG-3 axis can restore T-cell-mediated anti-tumor responses, making FGL1 both a biomarker and an immunotherapeutic target. Measurement of FGL1 supports identification of patients with altered LAG-3 signaling, evaluation of immune checkpoint resistance and development of immunotherapeutic strategies.