Rat ANP(Atrial Natriuretic Peptide) ELISA Kit (E-EL-R0017)

This ELISA kit uses the Competitive-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with Rat ANP. During the reaction, Rat ANP in the sample or standard competes with a fixed amount of Rat ANP on the solid phase supporter for sites on the Biotinylated Detection Ab specific to Rat ANP. Excess conjugate and unbound sample or standard are washed away, and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added to each micro plate well and incubated. Then a TMB substrate solution is added to each well. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns from blue to yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. The concentration of Rat ANP in tested samples can be calculated by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

Microalbuminuria (MAU) denotes a slight but abnormal increase in urinary albumin excretion that remains below the detection threshold of conventional dipstick tests. Albumin is synthesized by hepatocytes, maintains plasma colloid osmotic pressure and serves as a transport vehicle for fatty acids, bilirubin, hormones and many drugs. Because of its relatively small size and net negative charge, only trace quantities cross the glomerular filtration barrier under physiological conditions, and nearly all filtered albumin is reclaimed by receptor-mediated endocytosis in the proximal tubule. Functionally albumin is a multifunctional carrier and the principal determinant of plasma oncotic pressure, and tubular reclamation prevents urinary protein loss. When diabetes, hypertension or primary glomerular disease damages the filtration barrier, altering its size- and charge-selective properties, filtered albumin exceeds tubular reabsorptive capacity and urinary excretion rises. Microalbuminuria therefore occupies the intermediate zone between normal excretion and overt proteinuria and reflects early, potentially reversible glomerular injury. Microalbuminuria is an early and sensitive marker of glomerular damage that predicts progression of diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular risk and additionally signals widespread endothelial dysfunction. This ELISA kit enables quantitative determination of rat albumin in urine, serum and plasma for the assessment of microalbuminuria, supporting studies of diabetic, hypertensive and nephrotoxic kidney injury and renoprotective interventions.