Rat GFAP(Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein) ELISA Kit (E-EL-R1428)

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat GFAP. Standards or samples are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody. Then a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat GFAP and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Rat GFAP, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat GFAP. You can calculate the concentration of Rat GFAP in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a type III intermediate filament protein expressed almost exclusively by astrocytes of the central nervous system, where it is their principal intermediate filament. It maintains astrocyte morphology and mechanical strength and organizes the arrangement of perisynaptic and perivascular processes, and it is the standard marker used to identify astrocytes and to distinguish them from other glial cells. GFAP assembles the intermediate filament cytoskeleton of astrocyte processes, supporting functions that include maintenance of the blood-brain barrier, regulation of extracellular ion and glutamate homeostasis, supply of metabolic substrates to neurons and modulation of synaptic transmission. After injury, astrocytes become reactive, upregulating GFAP synthesis, hypertrophying and eventually forming a glial scar around the lesion, and the magnitude of this response reflects the severity of the pathology. GFAP is therefore an established marker of central nervous system injury and astrocyte activation, and it is elevated after traumatic brain injury, stroke, spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis and in several genetic leukodystrophies. This ELISA kit enables quantitative determination of rat GFAP in serum, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and tissue homogenates, supporting studies of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.