Rat PTGS2/COX-2(Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthase 2) ELISA Kit (E-EL-R0792)

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat PTGS2/COX-2. Standards or samples are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody. Then a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat PTGS2/COX-2 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Rat PTGS2/COX-2, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat PTGS2/COX-2. You can calculate the concentration of Rat PTGS2/COX-2 in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), also known as cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), is a bifunctional membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes a key rate-limiting step in prostaglandin synthesis. It displays both cyclooxygenase and peroxidase activities, converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), the common precursor of active prostanoids including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostacyclin. COX-2 is an inducible isoform that is weakly expressed in most normal tissues and rapidly upregulated by inflammatory cytokines, endotoxin, growth factors and tissue injury. Unlike the constitutively expressed COX-1, COX-2 mediates the burst synthesis of prostaglandins during inflammation, pain and fever, generating large amounts of PGE2 that sensitize nociceptors, promote vasodilation and edema and raise the hypothalamic temperature set point. COX-2-derived prostanoids also contribute to physiological processes such as ovulation, implantation, renal blood flow regulation and vascular homeostasis. COX-2 is a major target of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and selective COX-2 inhibitors were developed to reduce gastrointestinal toxicity; its overexpression is also associated with colorectal and other tumors. This ELISA kit enables quantitative determination of rat COX-2 in cell and tissue lysates, and is applied in studies of inflammation, nociception and carcinogenesis.