Rat S100B(S100 Calcium Binding Protein B) ELISA Kit (E-EL-R0868)

This ELISA kit uses the Sandwich-ELISA principle. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Rat S100B. Standards or samples are added to the micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody. Then a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Rat S100B and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to each micro plate well and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Rat S100B, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Rat S100B. You can calculate the concentration of Rat S100B in the samples by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

S100B is a member of the S100 family of small calcium-binding proteins and contains two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. It exists as a homodimer of subunits of roughly 10-12 kDa, and calcium binding triggers a conformational change that exposes a hydrophobic interface for target protein interaction. S100B participates in metabolism, cell motility, proliferation and calcium signaling, and in the nervous system it is highly expressed and constitutively released by astrocytes. Intracellular S100B regulates enzyme activity, cytoskeletal dynamics and calcium homeostasis, whereas extracellular S100B acts in a concentration-dependent manner. At nanomolar concentrations it is neurotrophic, promoting neurite outgrowth, neuronal survival and protection against oxidative injury, while micromolar concentrations, often reached after cell damage, induce apoptosis and neuroinflammation through the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), making it a marker of astrocyte activation. S100B enters the cerebrospinal fluid and, when the blood-brain barrier is disrupted, the bloodstream, where its concentration reflects glial injury and barrier dysfunction; it has therefore been studied as a biomarker of traumatic brain injury, stroke, cardiac arrest and neurodegenerative disease. This ELISA kit enables quantitative determination of rat S100B in serum, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid.